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Lesotho

Entirely surrounded by South Africa, the Kingdom of Lesotho, formerly Basutoland, declared its independence from the UK in 1966. Two decades after its independence saw the rule of the Basuto National Party. The Basuto National Party ruled for the first two decades. King MOSHOESHOE was dethroned and exiled in 1990. He was succeeded by his son King Letsie III who has to abdicate power four years later. King MOSHOESHOE was restored in 1995. But his rule did not last long. After his death in the following year Letsie III was again reinstated.

In 1998, the unrest and a military uprising took place which was put to rest by military intervention by South Africa and Botswana. Today Lesotho is a politically stable country.

The landscape of Lesotho comprises mostly of highlands where horse is the only means of transportation.

Travel overview
Also called "mountain kingdom" Lesotho is an exceptionally beautiful country with a varied terrain ranging from captivating mountain peaks, scenic valleys, and enchanting rolling hills.

All the major cities and towns of Lesotho are located in the lowlands. The busily practical capital of Maseru, also referred to as the “Mountain Kingdom in the Sky” is a fascinating city of contrasting modern and traditional lifestyles. There are lots of interesting things to explore in the lowlands - the traditional arts and crafts of Teya-Teyaneng , the astonishing caves at Mateka.

Not to be missed is the village of Malealea, known for its stunning scenery and ancient San paintings hidden in rock shelters. Other tourist attractions in Lesotho include Sehlabathebe National Park, the engineering masterpiece of the Katse Dam. To explore the true splendours of the country visit the Maletsunyane Falls, and Maluti and Drakensburg Mountain Ranges.

Outdoor activities like nature walking, whitewater rafting, fresh-water fishing, pony trekking, boating, canoeing, kayaking, hiking, and bird watching are practised avidly in Lesotho.

Capital: Maseru
Location: Southern Africa, an enclave of South Africa
Climate: temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers
Total Area: 30,355 sq km
Total Population: 2,125,262
Population Growth Rate: 0.144%
Sex Ratio: 0.956 male(s)/female
Literacy: 84.8%
Ethnic Groups: Sotho, Europeans, Asians
Irrigated land: 30 sq km
Languages: Sesotho, English, Zulu, Xhosa
Time Zone: UTC+2
Currency: loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR)
Neighbouring countries: South Africa 909 km
Type of govt.: parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Head of Govt.: Prime Minister Pakalitha Mosisili
Major Political Parties: Alliance of Congress Parties or ACP; All Basotho Convention or ABC , Basotholand African Congress or BAC , Basotho Congress Party or BCP , Basotho National Party or BNP , Kopanang Basotho Party or KPB, Lesotho Congress for Democracy or LCD , Lesotho Education Party or LEP, Lesotho Workers Party or LWP , Marematlou Freedom Party or MFP , National Independent Party or NIP, New Lesotho Freedom Party or NLFP , Popular Front for Democracy or PFD ,Sefate Democratic Union or SDU , Social Democratic Party of SDP
Participation in International Organizations: ACP, IBRD, ICAO, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IDA, IFAD, IFC, Interpol, IOC, NAM, OPCW, SACU, SADC, ISO, ITU, MIGA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, WCO, WFTU, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WTO, WIPO, WMO
Major Agricultural Products: corn, wheat, barley, pulses, sorghum, livestock
Natural Resources & Minerals: water, agricultural land, clay, building stone, diamonds, sand
Industry & Transport: apparel assembly, food, beverages, textiles, handicrafts, tourism, construction
Airports: 28
Roadways: 5,940 km
Major Trade Partners: US, Belgium, Canada, Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, Germany, India
Exports: $779.1 million
Imports: $1.401 billion